C3.9Section C: Living the Muslim Life

Muslim citizenship and religious and political leadership

4 questions·22 marks total·Answer each question, then reveal the mark scheme to self-mark.
Part (a)1 markAO1identify

Identify one role of a guardian (ra'in) mentioned in this Hadith.

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Part (b)3 marksAO1describe

Describe the concept of Khilafah (guardianship/stewardship) and what it means for Muslims.

Part (c)6 marksAO1+AO2explain

Explain why the concept of Khilafah (guardianship and stewardship) is important for Muslim citizenship and leadership.

1

First point

Make your first point: explain what Khilafah means and how the Hadith passage establishes that every Muslim carries some form of guardianship responsibility.

2

Second point

Make your second point: explain how the concept of guardianship shapes the duties of Muslim leaders, particularly towards justice and accountability before Allah.

3

Third point

Make your third point: explain how Khilafah applies to Muslim citizenship in any society, and how it motivates responsible civic participation and engagement.

Part (d)12 marksAO2+AO3assess

'Every Muslim has an equal responsibility to society.' Assess this statement. You should refer to the significance of the passage provided, using your own or others' views to support your answer.

Passage: refer to this in your answer

"Every one of you is a guardian and is responsible for his charges. The ruler who has authority over people, is a guardian and is responsible for them, a man is a guardian of his family and is responsible for them; a slave ('Abu) is a guardian of his master's property and is responsible for it; a woman is a guardian of her husband's house and children and is responsible for them."

Suggested length: 250–350 words

Writing guides

  1. 1Agree: argue why the Hadith's teaching that 'every one of you is a guardian' establishes that every Muslim shares equal, though differently expressed, responsibility to society.
  2. 2Further agree: explain how this principle of universal guardianship shapes Muslim citizenship and why it means no Muslim can opt out of social responsibility.
  3. 3Disagree: consider whether those with greater authority, rulers, religious leaders, parents, carry greater responsibility than ordinary citizens, making responsibilities proportional rather than equal.

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